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COURSE STRUCTURE
There are ten lessons in this module, as follows:
1. Introduction
2. Overview of Preventative Controls
3. Insecticides
4. Other Pesticides
5. Spray Equipment
6. Insect Biology
7. Fungal Biology
8. Environmental Problems
9. Viruses
10. Nematodes, Molluscs and Crustaceans
AIMS
Identify the characteristics of pests and diseases of plants.
Explain methods for the control of pests and diseases.
Describe the characteristics of a range of different pesticides, including insecticides
and fungicides.
Explain the selection and use of spray equipment appropriate for different
specified tasks.
Describe aspects of the biology of an insect which are relevant to pest control.
Describe aspects of the biology of an fungus which are relevant to disease control.
Explain how inappropriate environmental conditions can affect plant health.
Identify the characteristic signs of a range of non-insect pests,
and select apropriate control methods.
WHAT THE COURSE COVERS
Here are just some of the things you will be doing:
Develop a checklist for determining the significance of pests and diseases, which addresses different criteria including:
short term impact
long term impact
economic impact
aesthetic impact.
Distinguish between the main types of plant diseases, including:
Create a standard worksheet for reviewing pest and disease problems of plants.
Diagnose twenty different problems (ie. pests or diseases), documenting the problem on a standard pest/disease review worksheet.
Describe different ways to control pests and diseases, including:
Application of chemicals
Plant selection
Companion planting
Cultural techniques (i.e. improving ventilation, improving drainage)
Physical control (i.e. pruning, hand removal, trapping, hosing off).
Explain how plant breeding has been used to improve pest/disease resistance in two different plant species.
Explain three biological control methods for dealing with specific problems.
Develop an IPM strategy for a specific situation such as a crop or garden, considering:
application procedures, remedial action and monitoring.
Describe plant hygiene practices for a specific situation such as a crop, nursery or garden, in line with industry practice, enterprise guidelines and sound management practice.
Recommend control methods for five different pest and/or disease problems which you diagnose.
List safety procedures to follow when handling pesticides.
Distinguish between the main groups of pesticides, including:
organo-phosphates
synthetic pyrethroids
carbamates
chlorinated hydrocarbons.
Explain the difference between the action of systemic and non-systemic pesticides.
Explain maintenance practices, including cleaning, for a specified sprayer.
List three different uses for each of three types of sprayers, including a motorised pump sprayer, a knapsack and a PTO driven tractor mounted sprayer.
Compare six different sprayers, in terms of:
cost
applications
maintenance
spare parts
ease of use
safety.
Explain the application of chemicals in a given situation, including:
Calibration
Mixing chemicals
Equipment operation
Safety measures
Post spray procedures such as cleaning, and storage of chemicals).
Describe the minimum records which should be kept when spraying pesticides.
Prepare a labelled diagram showing the structural parts of an insect.
Prepare an insect collection of at least fifteen insects of significance to agriculture or horticulture.
Identify to genus level, the insects collected.
Compare the structural differences between three different types of insects.
Describe the lifecycle of an insect species.
Explain how an understanding of insect lifecycle can be applied to pest control.
Describe the lifecycle of one fungal disease species.
Explain the physiology of tree decay processes, including compartmentalisation.
Explain aspects of fungal biology, for different types of fungi, which are of horticultural significance, including:
Phytophthora
Sclerotinia rot
Peach leaf curl (Taphrina deformens)
Powdery Mildew
Pythium.
List environmental problems which affect plant health and their symptoms.
Describe the affect of air pollution on two different plants.
Identify nutritional deficiency symptoms in three specified situations.
Develop a fertiliser program in response to a specified nutritional problem.
Distinguish between the affects of water deficiency and water excess on plant health.
Explain how to diagnose damage by various non-insect pest problems, including:
Nematodes
Slugs and snails
Mites
Millipedes
Larger animals such as rabbits, rodents or birds.
Explain how to control different non-insect pests with both chemical and non-chemical methods.
